PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA KOMIK MATEMATIKA BERBASIS ETHNOMATHEMATICS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI MATEMATIS

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya literasi matematis siswa SMP, khususnya dalam memahami, menafsirkan, serta menyelesaikan permasalahan matematika dalam konteks kehidupan nyata. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan di sekolah dinilai belum mampu mengaitkan konsep matematika dengan budaya lokal serta belum memfasilitasi keterampilan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengembangkan media komik matematika berbasis ethnomathematics melalui model Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada materi Teorema Pythagoras, dan (2) mendeskripsikan kualitas produk ditinjau dari aspek kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan dalam meningkatkan literasi matematis siswa SMP. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dengan model ADDIE yang meliputi tahap analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 19 Kota Jambi. Instrumen penelitian terdiri atas angket validasi ahli materi dan ahli desain, angket kepraktisan guru dan siswa, serta tes literasi matematis. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dengan uji keefektifan menggunakan perhitungan N-Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk komik matematika berbasis budaya Jambi yang dikembangkan memiliki kualitas sangat valid dengan skor 88%, praktis dengan skor 85%, serta efektif meningkatkan literasi matematis siswa. Rata-rata nilai pretest sebesar 56.4 meningkat menjadi 78,39 pada posttest dengan nilai N-Gain sebesar 0,74 (kategori tinggi). Integrasi unsur budaya Jambi seperti rumah adat, makanan khas, dan kerajinan lokal dalam alur komik berbasis PBL mampu menciptakan pembelajaran yang kontekstual, menarik, dan bermakna bagi siswa. Dengan demikian, komik matematika berbasis ethnomathematics dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran inovatif  untuk meningkatkan literasi matematis siswa SMP.

Kata Kunci: komik matematika, ethnomathematics, Problem Based Learning, literasi matematis, budaya Jambi

ABSTRACT

This research was motivated by the low level of students’ mathematical literacy, particularly in understanding, interpreting, and solving mathematical problems in real-life contexts. Learning resources used in schools have not yet connected mathematical concepts to local culture, nor have they supported students’ problem-solving skills. This study aims to: (1) develop a mathematics comic based on ethnomathematics through the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model for the Pythagorean Theorem, and (2) describe the quality of the developed product in terms of its validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving students’ mathematical literacy. This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The subjects were eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 19 Kota Jambi. Data were collected through material and design expert validation sheets, teacher and student practicality questionnaires, and a mathematical literacy test. The data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative techniques, and effectiveness was measured through the N-Gain formula. The results show that the developed comic meets the criteria of being highly valid with a score of 88%, practical with a score of 85%, and effective in improving students’ mathematical literacy. The students’ average pre-test score of 20.53 increased to 78.39 on the post-test, with an N-Gain score of 0.74, categorized as high. The integration of Jambi cultural elements—such as traditional houses, local cuisine, and handicrafts—within the PBL-based comic storyline successfully created a contextual, engaging, and meaningful learning experience for students. Therefore, the ethnomathematics-based mathematics comic is considered suitable as an innovative learning medium in the Merdeka Curriculum to enhance students’ mathematical literacy.

Keywords: mathematics comic, ethnomathematics, Problem Based Learning, mathematical literacy, Jambi culture