Profil Kesalahan Siswa SMP dalam Soal Cerita Luas Permukaan Prisma: Teori Newman

Arvin Rombe; Raoda Ismail; Agnes Teresa Panjaitan

doi:10.31932/j-pimat.v8i2.7093

Profil Kesalahan Siswa SMP dalam Soal Cerita Luas Permukaan Prisma: Teori Newman

Arvin Rombe, Raoda Ismail, Agnes Teresa Panjaitan

Abstract

This qualitative case study aims to analyze students’ errors in solving word problems on the surface area of prisms based on Newman’s theory. The research subjects consisted of 27 eighth-grade students of SMP Advent Argapura. Six students were selected as interview participants, consisting of two high-ability students, two medium-ability students, and two low-ability students. Data were collected through word problem tests and interviews. Data analysis was conducted based on Newman’s error analysis stages, namely reading error, comprehension error, transformation error, process skills error, and encoding error. The results showed that encoding error was the most frequent type of error (62.04%), followed by process skills error (50.93%). In addition, students experienced difficulties in understanding geometric concepts, made computational errors due to lack of accuracy, and showed limitations in transforming contextual problem situations into appropriate mathematical models. These findings suggest that mathematics teachers should implement assessment practices that evaluate each stage of the problem-solving process, including the completeness of solution steps, the accuracy of calculations, the correct use of area units, and verification of final answers. Such practices are expected to minimize process skills error and encoding errors in solving mathematical word problems.

Keyword: Error, Word Problems, Prism Surface Area, Newman Error Analysis

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31932/j-pimat.v8i2.7093